Anti aging skin care treatment

Current anti-aging strategies and issues

Diets and supplements
Much of life extension has been concerned with the use of nutrition, in the form of diets or supplements, to extend lifespan. The many diets promoted by anti-aging advocates are often contradictory. One of the few areas of consensus among nutritionists is the importance of keeping stable blood sugar levels, achieved in part by managing the glycemic indices of food choices.[citation needed] Two diets with different approaches and some support from scientific research are the Paleolithic diet and Caloric restriction.
The restriction of energy intake, or calories, in an otherwise healthy diet (a practice generally called Calorie restriction or simply CR) has been shown to extend the maximum life span of laboratory organisms from several species, including rats, yeast, fruit flies, and nematodes. In rodents, a roughly 50% maximum lifespan extension is seen with a roughly 50% restriction of calories from what would be consumed by freely-feeding animals.[citation needed] The results of calorie restriction experiments on laboratory rats may not be generalizable because years of inbreeding have made these animals different from those found in the wild, and because these results are applicable specifically to short-lived species that have evolved to respond to feast and famine with alterations in longevity.[citation needed] Proving that calorie restriction could extend human life is difficult because experiments with long-lived species necessarily take a long time to perform. Scientists propose that the results of calorie restriction experiments on animals also depend on the habitat, genetics, other aspects of nutrition and frequencies of feeding.
The idea that antioxidant supplements, such as Vitamin C, Vitamin E, lipoic acid and N-acetylcysteine, might extend human life stems from the free radical theory of aging. Other substances proposed to extend lifespan include oxytocin, insulin, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and erythropoietin (EPO). Resveratrol is a sirtuin stimulant that appears to extend lifespan in simple model organisms such as nematodes and short-lived fish.
Some supplements, including the minerals selenium or zinc have been reported to extend the lifespan of rats and mice, though none has been proven to do so in humans, and significant toxic effects were observed. Metformin may also extend life span in mice.
Cosmetics
Cosmetic interventions such as skin treatments (e.g., skin resurfacing, Botox treatments, Argireline products) and plastic surgery are widely used to mask the effects of aging, although they do not actually affect lifespan.
Hormone treatments
The anti-aging industry offers several hormone therapies. Some of these products have been criticized, for example by the American Medical Association, for possible dangers to the patient and a lack of proven effect.
The evidence for use of growth hormone is mixed and based on animal studies. An early study suggested that supplementation of mice with growth hormone increased average life expectancy.Additional animal experiments have suggested that growth hormone may generally act to shorten maximum lifespan; knockout mice lacking the receptor for growth hormone live especially long. Furthermore, mouse models lacking the insulin-like growth factor also live especially long and have low levels of growth hormone.
The synthetic estrogen Premarin (made from mare’s urine), has been proposed to reduce the impact of menopause. In 1991, the Women’s Health Initiative studied 161,808 postmenopausal women with randomized trials of hormone supplements or placebo. It discontinued the study in 2002 because it concluded that, on the whole, the supplements were doing more harm than good (primarily due to an increased risk of breast cancer). Testosterone supplements in the form of creams or patches have been proposed for men. Regular Human Growth Hormone (HGH) injections cost about $10–12,000 a year. On the internet, many websites promote less expensive secretagogues that claim to prompt the body to produce HGH. There is little independent research on HGH secretagogues
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